Wisdom tooth extraction is generally a surgical procedure to remove one or more wisdom teeth — the four permanent adult teeth located at the back corners of your mouth on the top and bottom.
If a wisdom tooth doesn’t have room to grow (impacted wisdom tooth), resulting in pain, infection or other dental problems, you’ll likely need to have it removed. Some dentists recommend the extraction of wisdom teeth even if the impacted teeth aren’t causing problems, as a preventive measure against potential future problems.

Some Reasons for Surgery
Complications
Although every patient is treated with great care to prevent discomfort, complications do sometimes occur. A few complications that can occur after wisdom teeth surgery include: